Table 3 shows the XRF results for three stamps printed after the experimental orange brown introduction, as shown in Figure 9. The iron-based pigment continued to be used on select plates, or at least stamps appearing on dated letters, well into 1852, dropping quickly in numbers into the year, being replaced by several lead- based pigments and colors. That sample, Sample H, is what is classed as a mid-1852 orange brown, which is duller in shade and does not fit into other color classifications. One sample contained iron (Fe), which could be a cross-contamination from the orange-brown ink that was still in production at the time. It is noted some of these experimental orange-brown stamps contain barium (Ba). As a result of this research, it has been deter- mined that the experimental orange brown was not just a varia- tion of orange brown but was in fact foreshadowing a major change in color schemes and pigment chemistry. after Chase's (1942) publication, many students began to realize in fact this was a significant color variety that was in effect for about five months, even if it was a relatively scarce color change in the broad scheme of color groups based on populations.
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